This is an advantage as product is known for good many years. (c) Consumer resistance to change over from the established consumption behavioural patterns. It shows that there is apparent gap in production level and sales level. According to Professor Philip Kotler, it is “an attempt to recognize distinct stages in the sales history of the product”. Therefore, demand mostly consists of repeat sales. Some tension arises people trying to dominate – some attempt to establish themselves – power struggle online learning opportunities and agree to our User Agreement.
Robenson and others furthered the very original concept. Prices and, hence, profits decline. Eventually, market becomes saturated because, the house-hold demand is satisfied and distribution channels are full. It may enable the manufacturer to milk the product with profit though sales are scanty.Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages: As a result, weaker competitors leave the market only to the larger and stronger manufacturers. Being part of a high-performance team can be a rewarding experience for those on the team. (e) Sales to higher income groups in a limited area for cultivating the effective demand. During this period of introduction or the development, the promotional expenses bear the highest proportion of sales. Consequently competition intensifies, prices tend to fall and selling effort becomes aggressive. Nylon is another example, a product which has gone through many expansions. The second possibility is the development of new uses for the existing products such as the application or red 1.c.d. That is why; sales are low and creeping very slowly. As the product is pretty old, and new one is available, there is a change in the trend. The sales, therefore, fall sharply. Team clearly knows what it is doing – shared vision


Team functions with a high degree of independence Professor Theodore Levitt popularized the concept and others like C.R. It is so because; the sales are of smaller volume on one side and high level promotion efforts to create demand on the other. It has an advantage of low margin over broad-based turnover. 1.04 namely, Introduction, Growth, Maturity and Decline.

Special offers, concessions, allowance to stockiest and dealers are given to push a particular brand or brand group. For instance, battery shavers were introduced to fulfil the need for electric shavers when the users are away from electricity supply. 3. That is why, extension strategies are followed. The product life-cycle or PLC model is one of the most frequently encountered concepts in marketing management. Efforts are made to rationalize the existing budget. (b) Technological problems might not have been mastered fully. The successful product management needs dynamic functional approach to meet the unique situations of sales and profitability. To borrow the words of Mr. Kollat D.T., Mr. Blackwell R.D. Efforts are made to level or the sales curve by extension strategies as shown in Fig. 1.05. Over production appears to be the major problem. That is, the old products are rendered obsolete. Competitors have the advantage of entering the market because; research and development have already been completed by innovating firm at its costs. it is a “generalized model of sales and profits trends for a product class or category over a period of time”. To progress is hard work and requires managers to know of the pitfalls and opportunities of the stages. Année % Sièges Position Participation gouvernementale 1990: 15,25 4 / 25. There is little growth in the market as there is declaration in sales growth leading to market saturation. (b) Delays in making available the product to consumers due to lack of retail outlets which are acceptable and adequate.

There are some misconceptions regarding this simple concept of product life-cycle. ; Procurement and Supply Chain Bring the power of digital at the macro and micro level of every element of your process.

(c) Higher margin to support higher doses of promotional expenses a must for growth. As most of the customers are knowing the uses of the product, the sales grow at failing rates giving an overall picture of “off level’ situation. It is a product aging process. Secondly, one cannot have a definite line of demarcation between one and the subsequent stage. Popularizing vitamin B capsules as a regular intake than as a curative dose. Tips to facilitate a move to next stage: Reinforce ground rules at the start of each team meeting; Follow the problem solving model; Use Brainstorming to get ideas flowing; Get team members use to using data to resolve conflicts; Confront destructive behaviors when they occur; Stage 4: Performing Lower prices are essential to stave off the competition. Both sales volumes and unit profits rise correspondingly till the growth stage.