system for citrus inevitably requires consideration of its economic viability. Forecasting performance of the model based on out-of-sample forecasts for 2005-06 period is highly satisfactory with 1.81 % mean absolute error. © 2017, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. (2005a); Ibitayo (2006)]. products from the hydrometallurgical plant are estimated at 1.2 ... demonstrated economic viability. These kind of agricultural machineries can improve the return of investment in land and labor, although large capital investments are still required that can impede ownership. Organic agriculture increases self-confidence and mobilizes new partnerships. Nevertheless, both kinds of farming suffer from a 'middle man' cartel. If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. Significant barriers exist to adopting these systems, however, and a diversity of policy instruments will be required to facilitate their development and implementation. Moreover, canal irrigation has a significant positive effect on maintaining soil fertility and system sustainability as opposed to ground water. We find organic yields are only 19.2% (±3.7%) lower than conventional yields, a smaller yield gap than previous estimates. Interested in research on Organic Farming? It is understood that reduced output with higher input costs can contribute to, increased OF’s viability compared to all other. This study was carried out to assess the profitability and viability of the aquaculture enterprises in central Uganda. $= mean values; Standard errors are in parenthesis, 6. Agricultural productivity. Sher, F., & Ahmad, E. (2008). desire for higher incomes places pressure on farmers to search for additional work. The study aimed to compare profitability and resource used efficiency of organic and conventional farming systems. The aim of this study was to simulate the effects of climate change on the maturity period, leaf area index (LAI), biomass and grain yield of wheat under future climate change for the Sistan and Baluchestan region in Iran. Women are less educated in such families. This will increase their yields and pave the way for more intensified sustainable farming practices [9,10]-usually, organic farmers work on farms of smaller sizes scattered around different areas. General contact details of provider: http://edirc.repec.org/data/aeraiea.html . farms’ costs in our sample accounted for 20% of conventional wheat farms’ costs. $= mean values; Standard errors are in parenthesis; Smith, Edwards, Robinson, & Dworkin, 2004). Regarding organic farming's individual and social advantages, we propose that facilitating organic farming can guarantee sustainable agricultural farming methods through enhancing surface water storage and supply. Mean price per 40KG of wheat for organic and conventional farming in, Mean profit per hectare of wheat for organic and conventional farming in, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Muhammad Waqar Akram, An Assessment of Economic Viability of Organic Farming in P. Akram, M.W. Organic producers had lower costs of production and had higher income. on the Livelihoods of Smallholders. regularly adopted as a fertiliser by both organic and conventional farms, useful source of nutrients. 3. Getting support of professionals in branding organic products. Wheat growing season period in all scenarios of climate change was reduced compared to the current situation. In this article, we provide insight into the impact of different variables of farmers on the adoption of agricultural equipment. mitigation strategy in developing countries. The Economic Viability of International Trade of Organic Honey from Guatemala into the United States of America F-11: Can design and produce a significant document that gives evidence of advanced competence. conventional soil cultivation of rice and wheat crops. It was found that the most common machinery concerned herein are tube-well/pumps, tractors, tillage machinery, and thrashers/harvesters. use of surface water and groundwater resources in semi-arid areas: a case study from, Rigby, D., & Cáceres, D. (2001). Rather, a blend of organic and other innovative farming systems is needed. The current research used cluster analysis to define relatively similar farmers from both production systems, and to compare variables. The yield per hectare was the highest for owner cultivation farm, while sharecropper output seemed the lowest, which are in agreement with the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. Still, they should also strive to upgrade physical infrastructure and facilities and provide credit services to create an enabling environment that can empower the citizen in adopting large scale use of agricultural machinery for long term sustainability of organic farming. The price of organic paddy was found relatively higher than inorganic paddy in the study area. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. Farming with organic methods gives smaller crops as compared to artificial farming. thesis (unpublished). Univ. consequence of the ‘transition effect’, the, differences of certain crops or regions. The rule-of-thumb is to take the commodity price (this is usually the price quoted in the country of origin or on the commodity market at a set time) and add a percentage increase (often called a ‘price premium’). Such information is critical to identify the ‘prospects and constraints to the adoption of alternative crop protection policy’ [Ajayi (2000)]. A number of constraints in adoption of organic farming are shown in … The DEA-VRS input-oriented model was used to estimate the technical efficiency score of cotton growers as described by. The literature shows that health and environmental hazards of pesticide use occur due to lack of information, awareness and knowledge which are chief contributing factors of extensive overuse or misuse of hazardous pesticide and dangerous practices [Forget (1991); Dasgupta, et al. A total of 301 organic farmers were surveyed in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Forecasting performance of the model is evaluated by finding wheat forecast errors and percent errors for 2005-06 by conducting the entire analysis and making forecasts for 2005-06, using the data from 1979-2004. The growing demand for machinery has resulted in comparatively more developed rental marketplaces for irrigation, tillage and other post-harvest procedures. The, Despite the acknowledged advantages of organic farming, questions remain about its productivity differential and financial viability to its counterpart conventional farming. Marriott are prominent organic customers. Farm input. ; Akram, N.; Hongshu, W.; Mehmood, A. the various RePEc services. However, conclusion reversed when family labour is evaluated at average market wage rate. Table 4: Mean price per 40KG of wheat for organic and conventional farming in. Solvency … It then uses stratified random sample of 305 wheat producing households for the survey from six districts, identifying variables associated with the adoption of the most common smallholder agricultural machinery e irrigation pumps, threshers, and power tillers. The organic farming system is found to be more profitable under the assumption of zero opportunity cost of family labourers. Urbanization and low productivity are real threats to the sustainability of organic farming. significant than cotton in the sampling area. Irrigation, Region and Experience Effects on Yield, Table 2: Yield (KG) of wheat per hectare for organic and conventional farming in, $= mean values; Standard errors are in parenthesis; * = Significant (P, Table 3: Yield (KG) of wheat per hectare for organic and conventional District wise. Agriculture today places great strains on biodiversity, soils, water and the atmosphere, and these strains will be exacerbated if current trends in population growth, meat and energy consumption, and food waste continue. Non Technical Summary This proposal outlines a research strategy to generate information on the economic dimensions of Black soldier fly (BSF) [hermetia illucens] larvae to reduce organic waste streams while producing valuable animal proteins, biodiesel feedstocks, soil amendments, and industrial/pharmaceutical products at the farm, non-farm commercial, and community/municipal level. The use of chemical fertilisers have adverse effect on soil fertility, soil layers', health of people and animals in district. considers the possible substitution of investment choices and the tenancy status' endogeneity. This reduction in B1 scenario was less than A1B and A2 scenarios. Input forecasts and parameters of wheat production function are then used to generate wheat forecasts. . Pakistan is an energy starved country and is trying to overcome its energy woes by installing different types of energy plants under the massive investment of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). among farmers in the cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan. Thus, incremental net income was only Rs. America and the Caribbean: Thematic evaluation. The availability of more credit facilities through banks, awareness through media, exports and domestic markets for organic products and encouragement to farmers to produce only organic products will help in this direction. The study has observed that though organic wheat cultivation has been found more profitable for the growers in the study area, the significant reduction in its productivity level poses a serious challenge in term of food security for the nation. In order to protect soil fertility, environment, water and air such policies are urgently required in India. The data is collected from Sheikhupura district for the Rabi season crops both from conventional and organic farming systems and 15 farmers from each system are interviewed. This study investigated the impact of three land tenure arrangements on organic farming (OF) in terms of increment of efficiency, yield, and investment in soil-improving activities by using farm-level data gathered from three districts located at Punjab, Pakistan. The regression analysis has revealed that with one per cent increase in expenditure on farmyard manure + jeev amrit , biodynamic and machine labour, the organic wheat productivity would increase by 0.114 per cent, 0.703 per cent, 0.556 per cent, respectively, showing significant impact on value productivity. 2186 per ha is realizing that organic farming was economically viable and profitable over inorganic paddy farming in the study area. For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (AgEcon Search). If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation. Compared to agricultural lands on lease contracts, landowners involved in agribusiness are more likely to invest in measures to improve soil and increase productivity. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. various sources (canal, tube well, solar energy, electricity, and peter) were collected. Farm machinery can also increase farmland yield and reduce the need for labor, although the requirement of significant capital investment often prevents small. productivity outside of the canal irrigation region. The primary data from 480 cotton growers was collected by adopting a multistage random sampling technique in person interviews by using a well-designed pretested questionnaire. A region-wide, comparison indicated similar results across the other two dist, which are dependent on numerous variables such as working conditions, wage rates and, most, agricultural and dwarf harvesting are approximately equivalent, having a di, Pesticides costs across both agricultural systems are. Regarding the mean profit margin, organic farms have significantly diminished returns. Numerous small businesses are therefore accepting access to farm machinery that would otherwise be incredibly expensive to buy through service fee arrangements, although there is still room for expansion. their products. Sharing of views with fellow researchers on the question as to how, and to what extent, strategic human resource management can play its role in making innovation possible in an organization. We analyse primary data obtained from 301 farms-148 organic and 153 conventional-across three districts of central Punjab, Pakistan, in order to assess the aforementioned concern in the specific country context. Public profiles for Economics researchers, Curated articles & papers on economics topics, Upload your paper to be listed on RePEc and IDEAS, Pretend you are at the helm of an economics department, Data, research, apps & more from the St. Louis Fed, Initiative for open bibliographies in Economics, Have your institution's/publisher's output listed on RePEc. products being largel y non-ex istent, world-renowned hotels in Islamabad such as Serena and . of socio-economic viability and its success factors. To reduce these risks, the impact of climate change mitigation strategies and management systems for crop adaptation to climate change conditions should be considered. The findings indicated that policymakers and stakeholders should not concentrate merely on short term planning, such as improving agricultural machinery's adoption rate. In detail, owner-farmers with secure rental arrangements invested more in improving their land and productivity compared to those with unsecured lease agreements. The "multivariate Tobit model" was used for the empirical analysis because it, This study investigated the impact of three land tenure arrangements on organic farming (OF) in terms of increment of efficiency, yield, and investment in soil-improving activities by using farm-level data gathered from three districts located at Punjab, Pakistan. accelerated, given that the profit balance will be inclined towards OF. Overall, organic wheat's input costs are 19.09% lower than conventional crops. pattern (Qureshi, McCornick, Qadir, & Aslam, 2008). conventional) farms located in three districts of Punjab province. The results of model evaluation showed that LARS-WG had appropriate prediction for climatic parameters and simulation of stochastic growing season in future climate change conditions for the studied region. The magnitude of the results varied across both countries; however, attitude, subjective norms and health consciousness, as well as their interaction terms, were significant predictors, whereas, perceived behavioural control and its knowledge interaction terms had insignificant impacts on the purchase intentions of consumers for both countries. Organic farming's initial acceptance by farmers commercially will be fundamentally affected by organic consumer demand and market prices, which will ultimately determine whether organic farming production endures. UNDP. determine the suitability of existing power plants installed under the umbrella of CPEC in Pakistan. The choice of these areas had also been based on the OF project initiated by the Lok Sanj organisation. The present study has assessed the economic viability of organic wheat cultivation in Punjab by collecting primary data from 85 organic growers and 75 inorganic growers spread over 30 villages in the districts of Patiala and Faridkot for the period 2008-09. Organic products shall be protected from co-mingling with non-organic products. Our analysis provides new perspectives on past trends and future food and water (including groundwater) challenges. while conventional farms’ pesticide costs are also substantial. To counteract negative impacts of cotton cultivation in India, such as environmental degradation and financial dependency due to high input costs, organic cotton cultivation is being promoted by non-governmental organizations in the country. The parameters are obtained by estimating Cobb-Douglas production function for wheat for each province of Pakistan. Alex is the Director of Design at Crowd Favorite. This paper attempts to, Urbanization and low productivity are real threats to the sustainability of organic farming. Curious and inquisitive by nature, Alex has spent most of his professional life trying to learn not only the tools of his trade, but also those of areas surrounding his own: front-end development, project management, sales, SEO, and copywriting. PolyMet Reaffirms Economic and Technical Viability Of NorthMet Project Highlights potential for Minnesota’s first copper-nickel-precious metals mine March 27, … Here, we examine the performance of organic farming in light of four key sustainability metrics: productivity, environmental impact, economic viability and social wellbeing. AN EXAMINATION OF THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF LOCAL AGRICULTURE IN NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND BY SAMANTHA LYNN WERNER B.S. The lower crop yield in organic wheat (6.7q/acre less) was well compensated by the higher price it fetched in the market. A diverse crop system means a … Considering the contraction of land under cotton cultivation in Pakistan due to low economic incentives, the present study is intended to estimate the cost and revenue along with different factors affecting the cotton production in southern Punjab. 3. The aim of this research was to compare organic and conventional hazelnut producers, in terms of their socioeconomic characteristics, production systems and economic performance. Yet organic foods and beverages are a rapidly growing market segment in the global food industry. This study demonstrates that the mediations of innovativeness and agility significantly affect the development of new financial products to make agile the financial flow, which in turn positively influences value chain competitiveness. All rights reserved. average profit per hectare by average expenses per hectare. The area under organic farming has been found about 27 per cent of the total operational area in rabi season for the sample organic growers. viability analysis currently being carried out by a large mutual life and health insurance company. Moreover, initial evidence indicates that organic agricultural systems deliver greater ecosystem services and social benefits. social and personal potential must be comprehended by policy makers and other stakeholders. For forecasting purpose we need future values of inputs used in wheat production and the parameters that link inputs to wheat output. Findings also suggest that institutions and policy making authorities not only need to focus on short projects to encourage adoption of machinery, also there must be a continuous attention to improve physical and civilian infrastructure & services, and ensuring the availability of credit to create an favorable conditions where agricultural machinery is most likely to be used. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of production: Organic farming can help to reduce production costs (especially where labor is cheap compared to input costs) and to increase or stabilize yields on marginal soils. Economics of or, Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 10, Biodiversity as Bioindicators of Sustainable Landscapes. has an almost 13% lower productivity compared with other regions, while marginal difference. This would combine the appeal of a rating methodology as rigorous as Energy Star’s, a set of considerations as broad as Good Guide’s, and the coverage of an entire industry’s products. The results show that hydro power plants are the best source of electricity generation followed by wind, solar, and coal. The challenge of cheap, clean, and sustainable energy supply is faced by all countries. 4. This clearly depicts that conventional farming system has exhausted and no further potential exists for improvement in profit without increasing the area. The study analyzes seven cases in several countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in which small-farmer groups were successful in adopting organic technologies and marketing their products and provides practical lessons and recommendations for determining under which conditions organic agriculture could become a feasible project alternative; highlighting issues that must be considered at design and implementation stages.. Organic farming and the sustainability. Overall, input costs are 20% and 10% lower in organic wheat and rice farms relative to their conventional counterparts. The empirical outcomes displayed that rights of land use affected the decisions made by farmers to invest in land and to improve efficiency. Farmers are using chemical fertilisers and pesticides for high yields, big size, good shape and colour of fruits, grains and vegetables. Forty seven percent of the population of Pakistan is food insecure, access to food is uneven and malnutrition is widespread. Organic "premium" There is no universally-accepted or formalised mechanism for arriving at a price for organic cotton; ironically, making the process of sales transactions far from transparent. The Benefit Cost Ratio is also higher for organic crops which suggest that farmers can get higher profits by moving from conventional to organic crops. were in large farms. Opening an ice-cream shop in January is a bad … During meetings and interviews, stakeholders have identified fiv. Conventional farmers apply insecticides such. Keywords farming systems comparison in the tropics, organic agriculture in developing countries, sustainable development 1 A wealth of experience, but so far no systematic evaluation Usually, labour costs are calculated per hour, however for thi, Therefore, it was possible to calculate the Return on Investment (ROI) by dividing the. All products shall be adequately identified through the whole process. However, the extensive use of such pesticide results in substantial health and environmental threats. M. Sc. Personal Costs and Productivity of Organic and Conventional Farms, irrigation’s effect, the regions and their experience of prices, a, producers, as this is one of the fundamental variables distinguishing organic production, marginally higher than for conventional. 65% of the population either directly or indirectly, while ultimately. Organic and non-organic products shall not be stored and The cases are located in six countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala and Mexico) with different policies towards organic agriculture and various degrees of development of the institutions dealing with it, and they include diverse products (coffee, banana, cacao, vegetables, sugar cane and honey) that posed different technical and marketing problems for small producers. The alternatives appear difficult to implement quickly, so it appears likely that in the short to medium term more groundwater will be consumed, with attendant problems of water quality and sustainability. Evidence from the Maikaal bioRe poject in central India. Management of natural regeneration offers an annual return from year one, to amortise costs. Organic producers needed more labor, especially hired workers, and used more lime, organic fertilizer and insect traps, while conventional producers used more synthetic inputs. This is not to say that all such practices are uneconomic, nor to deny that there are cases where these practices are economic but for some other reason are not adopted. A total of 301 organic farmers were surveyed in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan, alongside exclusive reliance on biochemical inputs and highly productive crop. Organic farming systems produce lower yields compared with conventional agriculture.
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