The UC Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources defines urban agriculture as practices that include production, distribution, and marketing of food and other products within the cores of metropolitan areas and at their edges (Adapted from the American Planning Association, 2011). Explore information and tools on urban agriculture. ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service. Center for Agriculture and Food Systems. National Center for Appropriate Technology. Community Farms – Communal growing spaces operated by a nonprofit organization that engages the surrounding community in food production as well as social and educational programming. Natural Resources Conservation Service. very dense (highly populated) urban areas. Urban Agriculture. Examples include USDA farmers market programs, rural cooperative grants, child nutrition programs, and USDA research and cooperative extension services. The USDA provides a variety of funding for small farmers that often encompasses urban agriculture. Information and publications from the EPA on urban agriculture. Government agencies and the peer-reviewed literature have reached consensus on this broad definition of urban agriculture, which includes all production in or near cities of plants or animals, whether for personal use or for sale, whether soil-based or hydroponic (Diekmann et al., 2016; FAO, 2016; Hendrickson & Porth, 2012; Oberholtzer, Dimitri, & Pressman, 2014; USDA, 2016). Commercial Farms – Some for-profit farms exist in urban areas, although they tend to be small and often produce niche products. Access the Agricultural Funding Resources page to review programs and options. Animal and livestock options in urban agriculture include chickens, fish, goats, and honey bees. USDA Urban Agriculture Toolkit: Urban Agriculture Toolkit (PDF, 8.5MB) - Lays out the common operational elements that most urban farmers must consider as they start up or grow their operations. Purpose: Understanding the context of urban agriculture in a rural state is critical for the success of and collaboration between local food actors and other organizations, such as the Cooperative Extension Service. The USDA website describes urban agriculture as, “City and suburban agriculture [that] takes the form of backyard, roof-top and balcony gardening, community gardening in vacant lots and parks, roadside urban fringe agriculture and livestock grazing in open space.”  Among the types of foods grown are vegetables, mushrooms, medicinal and ornamental plants, and fruit trees. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure you’re on a .gov or .mil site by inspecting your browser’s address (or “location”) bar. USDA. Greenhouses are also a popular form of urban agriculture. How does zoning affect urban agriculture? This results in an increase in entrepreneurial activities and the creation of jobs, as well as reducing food costs and improving quality. ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service. Information and publications from the EPA on urban agriculture. The .gov means it’s official.Federal government websites always use a .gov or .mil domain. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has a history of supporting urban agriculture as part of the local and regional food systems. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Urban agriculture allows for the development of a variety of environmental, economic, and social benefits to the surrounding communities. Once distance to the nearest supermarket or large grocery store was calculated for each grid cell, the number of low-income individuals living more than ½ mile (urban areas) or 10 miles (rural areas) from a supermarket or large grocery store was aggregated to the tract level. Section 12302 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Pub. Community gardens mostly grow food, but some also grow flowers. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines “urban” as a geographic area that contains at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more people, plus adjacent territory that is economically connected to the central urban area. the issues of Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture. One major safety concern is the risk of contaminants, lead or other heavy metals in the soil. x Providing specialized guidance on food safety to urban and peri-urban farmers, food handlers and food processors. Some states may legally define “good agricultural practices;” other states have provisions that generally require the farming operation to comply with good agricultural practices as required by industry customs. The Census of Agriculture is a complete count of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. While this definition is helpful, it may exclude some operations such as community gardens, very small commercial farms, and nonprofit farms. Community Gardens – Usually located on publicly-owned land or land trusts and managed by local resident volunteers. This study aimed to determine a local definition of urban agriculture for Arkansas and investigated the context of urban agriculture in Arkansas. In testimony before the House Agriculture Subcommittee on Rural Development, Research, Biotechnology, and Foreign Agriculture on February 15, 2011, USDA provided the Subcommittee a matrix of current definitions for the 40-plus Rural Development programs (Addendum 1 of this report), as well as the actual statutory language for all programs in the hydroponic or aquaculture. Are there different types of urban farms? Find recently enacted state legislation related to "various aspects of urban agriculture – gardening in urban areas, food hubs, and statewide coordination." USDA. "Urban Agriculture is part of a local food system where food is produced within an urban area and marketed to consumers within that area. Urban agriculture is defined by Purdue University Extension educators simply as growing or producing food in urban spaces. There is an Urban Agriculture Grants and Engagement Opportunities Thematic Paper 1 Urban Agriculture: Definition, Presence and Potentials and Risks 2 in UA, an activity which connects well not only with their care-taking and house- This site is also protected by an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate that’s been signed by the U.S. government. Urban Agriculture(link is external) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The .gov means it’s official.Federal government websites always use a .gov or .mil domain. However, there are some limitations to the protections provided by right-to-farm statutes. Institutional Farms and Gardens – Typically linked with an institution (such as hospitals, churches, prisons, schools, public housing) whose primary mission is not large-scale food production, but instead to provide health, educational, and lifestyle opportunities. This includes community and school gardens, backyard and rooftop plots, and non-traditional methods of caring for plants and animals within a constrained area. 115-334) refers to the urban farming demographic as urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production. URBAN. 115-334). Urban clusters are, by comparison, less densely populated with populations between 2,500 and 50,000. Rural or urban status is designated by the Census Bureau’s 2010 urban area definition. Technological innovations have enabled urban farmers to move beyond traditional urban methods and expand their operations and growing seasons. Access each state’s department of agriculture at the National Association of State Departments of Agriculture’s state directory. It is important to investigate the history of the land where produce may be grown, especially if the land is near a former industrial site. Following Good Agricultural Practice: Various states’ right-to-farm laws are only applicable to farms that follow good agricultural practices. These laws are meant to protect farmers from nuisance lawsuits filed by an individual who moves to an area where a farming operation exists, or in some cases where a farm has existed substantially unchanged for some time, and who files a lawsuit to stop the farming operation. National Center for Appropriate Technology. Currently, the USDA does not collect data on the number of urban farms in the U.S. Its mission is to encourage and promote urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural practices, including community composting and food waste reduction. Two representatives from an institution of higher education or extension program. It is led by the Natural Resources Conservation Service and works in partnership with numerous USDA agencies that support urban agriculture. Focuses on brownfield redevelopment for urban agriculture projects. This support expanded with the enactment of the 2018 Farm bill, which authorized numerous resources for urban agriculture, including: Currently, there is not a statutory or single formal definition of urban agriculture. There are many benefits to growing food in urban areas, such as fewer food miles, improved food access, and education and training opportunities." This site provides information on accessing land, capital, markets, and other informational resources gauged at helping the new urban farmer succeed. Urban agriculture is defined as any agricultural activities which grows, raises, processes and distributes agricultural products regardless of land size and number of human resources within the cities and towns (FAO, 2000). Zoning dictates what growing is allowed and whether animal farming is permitted. USDA has an Urban Agriculture Tool Kit that lays out potential operational elements for urban farmers, and identifies technical, financial, and Federal resources and programs that can support a variety of activities related to urban farming. In almost all cases of urban agriculture, some form of intensive or vertical gardening must be utilized due to space limitations.
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